Paul Salem is a senior associate (non-resident) at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. He previously served as president and CEO of the Middle East Institute in Washington, D.C., and as founding director of the Carnegie Middle East Center in Beirut, Lebanon. He also founded and led the Lebanese Center for Policy Studies. Salem's work focuses on Middle East geopolitics, political and economic transitions, and U.S. and international policy toward the region. His research examines state fragility, regional security dynamics, and pathways to conflict resolution and regional order. He is the coeditor of Escaping the Conflict Trap: Toward Ending Civil Wars in the Middle East (2019), Winning the Battle, Losing the War: Addressing the Conditions that Fuel Armed Non-State Actors (2019), and From Chaos to Cooperation: Toward Regional Order in the Middle East (2017). Salem has advised numerous governments, international organizations, and corporations on regional affairs and U.S. policy toward the Middle East. He is a frequent commentator on Middle East affairs and appears regularly on major international and regional media outlets.